Abstract
Actinomycosis is a rare chronic granulomatous infection that requires a correlation of histopathologic and microbiologic findings for diagnosis. The case refers to a 52-year-old patient with a lesion in the anterior mandibular region after oral surgery. Clinical examination showed pain symptoms unresponsive to pain killers, prostration and numbness in the lip and chin regions, and a chest x-ray that revealed multiple nodules in the lung. The lesion presented erythema, edema, and granulomatous aspect that extended from tooth 32 to 45. The consistency was fibrous and without suppuration. Radiographic examination revealed extensive radiolucent area with poorly defined boundaries and destruction of the buccal and lingual cortical. The histologic report of incisional biopsy revealed granulomatous tissue after cell culture. The diagnosis of actinomycosis was defined as a disease that has an excellent prognosis and a low mortality rate if diagnosed early.
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