Actinobacteria of growth of solid substrates of the Odesa gulf of the Black Sea

Abstract

Studies of the activity and interaction of marine microorganisms with other organisms provide an understanding of the functioning of biogeochemical processes, food chains and symbiosis. Marine microbiome members also have useful properties that can be used to search for and produce new products and develop new processes in marine biotechnology. Representatives of actinobacteria isolated from various sources of the marine environment are especially promising in this aspect. The aim of the study was to isolate actinobacteria from biological overgrowth of concrete structures and natural shellfish of the Odesa Bay, to determine their main biological properties and biological diversity. As a result, 20 and 19 strains of actinobacteria were isolated from the overgrowth of shell rock and concrete surfaces, respectively. The isolated bacteria were characterized by morphological variability during growth on nutrient media (MPA, OA, SCA, ISP-1 – ISP-6), forming substrate and aerial mycelium. Some strains synthesized water-soluble and melanoid pigments on appropriate media. Most strains grew well in the presence of NaCl at a concentration of less than 9%, and the strains isolated from concrete fouling are more resistant to this chemical agent. Isolated strains utilized various carbon substrates, demonstrating significant metabolic activity and capacity. The most commonly used substrate for all isolated strains was lactose, the least suitable – xylose (only 35,0% of strains isolated from shell rock, and 21,6% of strains from concrete overgrowth metabolized this carbohydrate). Preliminary identification of isolated strains of actinobacteria by determining the spectra of fatty acids defined that almost all of them are members of the genus Streptomyces. At the first actinobacteria were isolated from the Odesa Bay of the Black Sea, morphological, cultural and physiological-biochemical properties of the obtained strains were characterized. Their taxonomic composition and prospects of use for the search for producers of biologically active substances have been preliminarily determined.