Abstract
Becker’s nevus (BN) is a cutaneous hamartoma which is characterized by circumscribed hyperpigmentation with hypertrichosis. Recent studies have revealed that BN patients harbored postzygotic ACTB mutations, which were restricted to arrector pili muscle lineage. We screened for ACTB mutations in 20 Chinese patients with BN and found that recurrent mutations (c.C439A or c.C439T) in ACTB were detected in the majority of BN patients. However, more than 20% of the patients were negative for ACTB mutations, suggesting a possible genetic heterogeneity in Becker’s nevus. Interestingly, these mutations were also detected in dermal tissues outside the arrector pili muscle. We further performed genotype–phenotype correlation analysis, which revealed that lesions above the waistline, including the trunk above the anterior superior spine level, upper limbs and face, or covering more than 1% BSA were more likely to be positive for ACTB mutations. Altogether, our results provide further evidence of postzygotic ACTB mutations in BN patients and suggest a possible genotype–phenotype correlation of BN.
Highlights
IntroductionBecker’s nevus (BN) is a cutaneous hamartoma which is characterized by circumscribed hyperpigmentation with hypertrichosis
Our study provides further evidence of postzygotic ACTB mutations in the pathogenesis of Becker’s nevus (BN) patients
According to the previous results, ACTB mutations were reported to be located in the hypertrophic arrector pili muscle
Summary
Becker’s nevus (BN) is a cutaneous hamartoma which is characterized by circumscribed hyperpigmentation with hypertrichosis. Recent studies have revealed that BN patients harbored postzygotic ACTB mutations, which were restricted to arrector pili muscle lineage. More than 20% of the patients were negative for ACTB mutations, suggesting a possible genetic heterogeneity in Becker’s nevus. These mutations were detected in dermal tissues outside the arrector pili muscle. Our results provide further evidence of postzygotic ACTB mutations in BN patients and suggest a possible genotype–phenotype correlation of BN. Becker’s nevus syndrome (BNS) refers to conditions in which generalized BN is associated with developmental anomalies, including unilateral breast hypoplasia and other cutaneous, muscular, and skeletal defects.
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