Abstract
Acrylamide (ACR) is a common industrial ingredient which is also found in foods that are cooked at high temperatures. ACR has been shown to have multiple toxicities including reproductive toxicity. Previous studies reported that ACR caused oocyte maturation defects through the induction of apoptosis and oxidative stress. In the present study, we showed that ACR exposure affected oocyte organelle functions, which might be the reason for oocyte toxicity. We found that exposure to 5 mM ACR reduced oocyte maturation. ACR caused abnormal mitochondrial distribution away from spindle periphery and reduced mitochondrial membrane potential. Further analysis showed that ACR exposure reduced the fluorescence intensity of Rps3 and abnormal distribution of the endoplasmic reticulum, indicating that ACR affected protein synthesis and modification in mouse oocytes. We found the negative effects of ACR on the distribution of the Golgi apparatus; in addition, fluorescence intensity of vesicle transporter Rab8A decreased, suggesting the decrease in protein transport capacity of oocytes. Furthermore, the simultaneous increase in lysosomes and LAMP2 fluorescence intensity was also observed, suggesting that ACR affected protein degradation in oocytes. In conclusion, our results indicated that ACR exposure disrupted the distribution and functions of organelles, which further affected oocyte developmental competence in mice.
Highlights
Acrylamide (ACR) is widely used in industrial production since the end of the 19th century (Semla et al, 2017)
Since mitochondria play an important role in the process of cell energy metabolism, we first detected the effects of ACR on mitochondria-related functions of oocytes
Endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi apparatus, ribosomes, and lysosomes to assess the damage of ACR exposure to oocyte quality in vitro
Summary
Acrylamide (ACR) is widely used in industrial production since the end of the 19th century (Semla et al, 2017). ACR is a kind of water-soluble chemical (Kumar et al, 2018), which can enter human organs and tissues through food and drinking water, causing toxic effects on multiple organs (Busova et al, 2020b) including reproductive systems (Bin-Jumah et al, 2021). Previous results show that ACR can cause peroxidation of cholinergic transmitter in the nervous system and decrease the transmission ability, leading to the damage of the nervous system (Kopanska et al, 2018). ACR can reduce the expression of catalase in the process of metabolism in vivo, increasing the toxicity of the liver and kidney (Hou et al, 2021). ACR enters the body through the respiratory tract, inducing oxidative stress on lung epithelial BEAS-2B cells, which leads to morphological changes and even apoptosis
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