Abstract
BackgroundDiaphragmatic hernia is primarily congenital in origin and has potentially devastating pulmonary complications. Acquired diaphragmatic hernia as a complication of hydatid disease remains a rare clinical entity. Retroperitoneal hydatidosis, in particular is an exceptionally rare cause behind a similar presentation. This paper aims to present the first case of acquired diaphragmatic hernia likely caused by eroding retroperitoneal hydatid cysts and provide a succinct literature review regarding the causative association between hydatid disease and diaphragmatic defects.Case presentationA 71-year-old Saudi man, with a history of hydatid disease involving several areas including the retroperitoneum, presented with multiple episodes of shortness of breath and abdominal pain of 10 months’ duration. Computed tomography scans of the chest and abdomen demonstrated the presence of a large diaphragmatic defect, with herniation of bowel loops into the chest cavity. Initially, the patient underwent a diagnostic laparoscopy which was then converted to a posterolateral thoracotomy to repair the defect.ConclusionsThe ability of hydatid disease to involve several body organs makes diagnosis and management of resultant complications a challenge in some cases, like ours. Knowledge about a reported rare complication could enable early detection and management to avoid serious complications, including abdominal viscera incarceration and strangulation.
Highlights
Diaphragmatic hernia is primarily congenital in origin and has potentially devastating pulmonary complications
Diaphragmatic hernia (DH) is a transdiaphragmatic protrusion of abdominal viscera into the thoracic cavity through a diaphragmatic defect. It is primarily congenital in origin and has potentially devastating pulmonary complications. It is classified into three types: Bochdalek, Morgagni and esophageal hiatal hernias
Bochdalek hernia is the most common type among neonates, adult onset is extremely rare, with less than 100 cases reported in the literature [1]
Summary
Diaphragmatic hernia is primarily congenital in origin and has potentially devastating pulmonary complications. Diaphragmatic hernia (DH) is a transdiaphragmatic protrusion of abdominal viscera into the thoracic cavity through a diaphragmatic defect It is primarily congenital in origin and has potentially devastating pulmonary complications. Bochdalek hernia is the most common type among neonates, adult onset is extremely rare, with less than 100 cases reported in the literature [1] It is a potentially life-threatening condition, as it can lead to abdominal viscera incarceration and even strangulation, which account for an overall mortality rate reaching 31% [2]. Cystic hydatid disease can virtually infect any body organ and has a great tendency to infect the liver, demonstrated in 70% of cases, acquired diaphragmatic hernia (ADH) as a complication of hydatid cysts remains a rare entity [3].
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