Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome in Man and Animals—A Review

Maduike C O Ezeibe,Ijeoma J Ogbonna

doi:10.4236/wja.2015.51006

Maduike C O Ezeibe, Ijeoma J Ogbonna

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.4236/wja.2015.51006

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Abstract

The paper defined acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) as a hematological abnormality rather than a clinical abnormality. Viruses that cause AIDS in man and animals are reviewed. Suggestion that human immune deficiency virus (HIV) which causes HIV/AIDS in man is a mutant of simian immune deficiency virus (SIV) which causes SIV/AIDS in nonhuman primates is also re-viewed. For a simple test to enable researchers in the developing countries which have the highest incidences of HIV/AIDS, join the global search for more effective treatment for the pandemic, direct passive hemagglutination test has been developed for in vitro testing of drugs, herbs and minerals that may have antiretroviral effects. Also reviewed are the similarities in pathogenesis of HIV infection in man and pathogenesis of infectious bursa disease virus (IBDV) in chicks to assess possibility of developing vaccine for HIV/AIDS. Finally, antiretroviral effects of medicinal synthetic aluminum-magnesium silicate as cure for HIV/AIDS were reviewed.

Highlights

Immune deficiency syndrome is a hematological abnormality defined by low blood lymphocytes counts [1]
Most cases of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in man and in other mammals are caused by Lentiviruses [2], a genus of single stranded RNA viruses of the family Retroviridae while in chicks a similar hematological abnormality is caused by another RNA virus called infectious bursa disease virus (IBDV), a Birnaviridae virus [3]
The first suspicion that Human immune deficiency virus (HIV)-1 originated from primates arose when a wild chimpanzee from Gabon was found to harbor a lentivirus that was isogenic to HIV-1 [1]

Summary

Introduction

Immune deficiency syndrome is a hematological abnormality defined by low blood lymphocytes counts [1]. Most cases of acquired immune deficiency in man and animals occur as a result of viral infections. In patients who have already been confirmed positive for HIV infection, increase in number of copies of RNA in excess of 50/ml is used to estimate titer of HIV in the patients’ blood.

Results

Conclusion