Acoustics vector sensor linear array passive ranging based on waveguide invariant

Abstract

A passive ranging method is proposed based on waveguide invariant analysis. The received Low Frequency Analysis Record (LOFAR) spectrum contains parabolic striations when a wideband target passes by the Closest Point of Approach (CPA). We can extract the striations through a suitable image processing technique such as the HOUGH transform, and we can then derive the waveguide invariant. Finally we can estimate the range of the target. A vector LOFARgram containing particle velocity information has higher SNR than a scalar LOFARgram, and this information can improve the precision of range estimate. This method can estimate the range of the CPA with high precision for both simulation and experimental data. In estimating the CPA range, both the experimental value and the measured value of the waveguide invariant are used. The results show that the measured value is more credible.