Abstract
This paper presents a preliminary analysis of differences of formants among Shanghai, Guangzhou, Chongqing and Xiamen dialectal Putonghua (PTH) in China. An improved formant model based on the linear prediction (LP) feature analysis and a two-dimensional(2D) hidden Markov model (HMM) of formants is employed for estimation of the formant frequencies of vowels and diphthongs. The experiments show Guangzhou dialectal PTH (GZPTH) has the highest average frequency in 1 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">st</sup> formant(F1) while Shanghai PTH(SHPTH) has lowest of F1 among four dialectal PTHs. In contrast, Chongqing PTH (CQPTH) gives highest frequency in 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">nd</sup> and 3 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">rd</sup> formants (F2, F3) with a comparison of other dialectal PTHs. The formant spaces of four dialectal PTHs have also been investigated.
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