Abstract
A theoretical model is presented for the transmission of acoustic waves out of a semi-infinite circular jet pipe in the presence of subsonic flow out of the pipe. The jet exhaust is assumed to be separated from the ambient, stagnant or co-flowing, fluid by an unstable cylindrical vortex layer. A solution satisfying the full Kutta condition and causality is derived from which the pressure reflection coefficient is calculated. The results show that, for a mismatch in flow between the jet and ambient fluid, the plane wave reflection coefficient achieves values above unity at low frequencies in accordance with the experimental observations. It is also established that at high subsonic Mach numbers the cylindrical jet of fluid outside the pipe may act as a waveguide within certain frequency bands and when this occurs the reflection coefficient decreases significantly with frequency.
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