Abstract
Acoustic scattering from the ocean bottom is a major component in shallow water reverberation and propagation as well as having a significant effect on the transmission of acoustic communication. However, boundary element models can only model scattering from a single rough interface. While some scattering models, such as the GeoAcoustic Bottom Interaction Model (GABIM), have considered scattering from layered sediments, these models are normally constrained to only one rough interface. Finite element models have been shown to accurately model scattering from both fluid and elastic boundaries, and, unlike conventional models based solely on the Helmholtz-Kirchhoff integral, are not limited to boundary interactions. In this study, a two-dimensional finite element model for scattering from two fluid layers and a fluid layer over an elastic layer is compared with perturbation theory and Kirchhoff approximation models to test the validity of considering the considering underlying interfaces flat. [Work sponsored by ONR, Ocean Acoustics.]
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