Abstract
Wax formation and deposition in pipelines and process equipment pose severe problems for petroleum companies. especially during transportation of crude oil in offshore environments. The light hydrocarbons present in the crude oil can play an important role in the shift of wax appearance points by increasing the solubilities of the heavier components. The following work was undertaken to study the effect of light hydrocarbons on wax appearance points in a Njord well fluid for Norsk Hydro, Norway. An automated high-pressure spherical acoustic resonator (50-mm-diameter) assembly designed and fabricated for that purpose has been used to measure resonance frequencies in a Njord well fluid (stabilized oil sample) provided by Norsk Flydro and blended with the appropriate amount of a synthetically prepared gaseous mixture containing six light hydrocarbons (CI to C6 ), at pressures from 2 to 107 bar and temperatures in the range 35 to 50 C. Results on the present method to locate the wax appearance points in the Njord well fluid are presented. A figure showing experimental wax appearance points as a function of pressure is presented. The results are compared with those predicted by the Norsk Hydro model.
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