Abstract
Acoustic propagation in the littoral is a complex process involving acoustic interaction with the ocean surface, the ocean bottom, volume scattering as well as variable propagation characteristics throughout the volume. When modeled stochastically this problem has been approached using a variety techniques including the Monte Carlo method, Neumann expansions and the stochastic finite element method. The last of these has found considerable use because it offers computational efficiencies over the Monte Carlo method and fewer modeling restrictions than the Neumann expansions. This presentation will discuss the development of a one-dimensional stochastic finite element formulation that accounts for spatial variability in wave speed, an area of intense interest not currently addresses in the literature.
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