Abstract
Because of their mortality rate, diabetes and COVID-19 are serious diseases. Moreover, people with diabetes are at a higher risk of developing COVID-19 complications. This article therefore proposes a single, non-invasive system that can help people with diabetes and COVID-19 to monitor their health parameters by measuring oxygen saturation (SPO2), heart rate, and body temperature. This is in contrast to other pulse oximeters and previous work reported in the literature. A Max30102 sensor, consisting of two light-emitting diodes (LEDs), can serve as a transmission spectrum to enable three synchronous parameter measurements. Hence, the Max30102 sensor facilitates identification of the relationship between COVID-19 and diabetes in a cost-effective manner. Fifty subjects (20 healthy, 20 diabetic, and 10 with COVID-19), aged 18-61 years, were recruited to provide data on heart rate, body temperature, and oxygen saturation, measured in a variety of activities and scenarios. The results showed accuracy of ±97% for heart rate, ±98% for body temperature, and ±99% for oxygen saturation with an enhanced time efficiency of 5-7 seconds in contrast to a commercialized pulse oximeter, which took 10-12 seconds. The results were then compared with those of commercially available pulse oximetry (Oxitech Pulse Oximeter) and a thermometer (Medisana Infrared Thermometer). These results revealed that uncontrolled diabetes can be as dangerous as COVID-19 in terms of high resting heart rate and low oxygen saturation. Doi: 10.28991/esj-2022-SPER-04 Full Text: PDF
Highlights
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a serious illness
The standard deviation for oxygen saturation was 2.53, and this was relatively lower, due to the short and low gap values for oxygen saturation. These results were compared to those obtained using commercialised pulse oximeters and other similar work conducted by fellow researchers
These measurements were taken for different subjects with various health complications or unhealthy habits, such as healthy and unhealthy lifestyles, controlled and uncontrolled diabetes, and COVID-19 and uninfected individuals
Summary
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a serious illness. Its spread has been declared a pandemic by the World Health Organisation (WHO), due to its rapid transmission [1]. Coronaviruses bear symptoms of respiratory viral infection, corresponding to the conditions of Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Both MERS and SARS are members of the same family of viruses. According to estimates [2], COVID-19 has caused over 2.16 million cases and at least 24.681 thousand deaths in Malaysia alone, a country with a population of 32.7 million. COVID-19 has caused around 4.55 million deaths out of 219 million cases [3] and is closely related to diabetes mellitus, a lifelong medical condition that is characterised by elevated glucose levels in the blood, due to abnormal metabolism
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