Acoustic emissions and kinematic instability of the osteoarthritic knee joint: comparison with radiographic findings

Mika T Nevalainen,Jerome Thevenot,Jukka Hirvasniemi,Simo S Saarakkala,Jaakko Niinimäki,Aleksei Tiulpin,Olli Veikkola

doi:10.1038/s41598-021-98945-2

Mika T Nevalainen, Jerome Thevenot + Show 5 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-98945-2

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Abstract

To evaluate the acoustic emissions (AE) and kinematic instability (KI) of the osteoarthritic (OA) knee joints, and to compare these signals to radiographic findings. Sixty-six female and 43 male participants aged 44–67 were recruited. On radiography, joint-space narrowing, osteophytes and Kellgren–Lawrence (KL) grade were evaluated. Based on radiography, 54 subjects (the study group) were diagnosed with radiographic OA (KL-grade ≥ 2) while the remaining 55 subjects (KL-grade < 2) formed the control group. AE and KI were recorded with a custom-made prototype and compared with radiographic findings using area-under-curve (AUC) and independent T-test. Predictive logistic regression models were constructed using leave-one-out cross validation. In females, the parameters reflecting consistency of the AE patterns during specific tasks, KI, BMI and age had a significant statistical difference between the OA and control groups (p = 0.001–0.036). The selected AE signals, KI, age and BMI were used to construct a predictive model for radiographic OA with AUC of 90.3% (95% CI 83.5–97.2%) which showed a statistical improvement of the reference model based on age and BMI, with AUC of 84.2% (95% CI 74.8–93.6%). In males, the predictive model failed to improve the reference model. AE and KI provide complementary information to detect radiographic knee OA in females.

Highlights

To evaluate the acoustic emissions (AE) and kinematic instability (KI) of the osteoarthritic (OA) knee joints, and to compare these signals to radiographic findings
Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to pick the best signals with a threshold of AUC > 0.600 (Tables 1 and 2), and LOO cross validation was used to make predictive models
We have shown the potential benefit of both acoustic and kinematic modalities to detect knee OA

Summary

Introduction

To evaluate the acoustic emissions (AE) and kinematic instability (KI) of the osteoarthritic (OA) knee joints, and to compare these signals to radiographic findings. While the Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The. Test result variable(s) AE lateral sit-to-stand skewness (lf) AE lateral sit-to-stand kurtosis (lf) AGE BMI AE medial extension skewness (hf) AE lateral sit-to-stand ratio (hf and lf) AE lateral flexion ratio (hf and lf) AE lateral flexion ratio (hf and cl) AE lateral extension skewness (hf) AE lateral sit-to-stand ratio (hf and cl) Kinematic instability previous studies have been focusing on video-based approaches, the recent developments of inertial measurement units (IMU) allow to evaluate similar information using embedded sensors into wearable devices. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the AE and KI signals of the osteoarthritic knee joints and to compare these signals to the corresponding radiographic findings

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