Acoustic cavitation thresholds and stable oscillations of vapor-gas bubbles

Abstract

The effect of rectified diffusion on the behavior of gas bubbles and the effect of rectified heat transfer to vapor bubbles are well established. These effects may be equally important for dynamics of vapor-gas bubbles and control the acoustic cavitation thresholds. To describe these effects a model of a spherical vapor-gas bubble is used. This model accounts for heat and mass transfer in the two-component system, including Soret–Dufour effects, kinetics of evaporation, surface tension, liquid viscosity, and compressibility. Equations for acoustic cavitation thresholds and stable bubble oscillations are obtained using asymptotic averaging techniques valid to second order in the amplitude of the acoustic field. Good agreement between the previous results for gas and vapor cavitation thresholds and the present computations is observed in the limiting cases of single-component bubbles. The effects of temperature, kinetics of evaporation, supersaturation, and others on the acoustic cavitation thresholds and stable bubble oscillations are studied and discussed. The existence of stable oscillations and cavitation thresholds of the bubble due to the second resonance of a vapor-gas bubble is predicted. These states occur due to the two-component nature of the bubble and appear at low inert gas concentrations near the liquid boiling point.