Acne and Its Management

Abstract

1. S. Alison Basak, MD, MA* 2. Andrea L. Zaenglein, MD*,† 1. *Department of Dermatology, Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA. 2. †Department of Pediatrics, Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA. * Abbreviations: DHEAS: : dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate FDA: : Food and Drug Administration FSH: : follicle-stimulating hormone LH: : luteinizing hormone OTC: : over the counter Acne is the most common skin disorder in the United States, affecting approximately 85% of young people between 12 and 24 years of age. Critical components to diminish physical and psychological concerns and lessen the potential for permanent sequelae include correct choice of therapy, and promotion of adherence to therapeutic regimens by educating patients regarding expected adverse effects, realistic expectations for improvement and the importance of maintenance regimens. After completing this article, readers should be able to: 1. Diagnose different types of acne lesions and assess severity. 2. Recognize and correct common misconceptions about acne held by patients and their parents. 3. Prescribe appropriate therapy according to the patient’s clinical presentation. 4. Educate patients regarding the expected course and potential adverse effects of therapies. Acne vulgaris (acne) is the most common skin disorder in the United States. (1)(2) The severity can vary from mild comedonal acne to fulminant systemic disease that affects multiple organ systems. Acne often is a cause of permanent scarring, emotional distress, and decreased self-esteem, which has led to the development of a multibillion dollar industry of medications, beauty products, and procedures that target individuals with acne. (3) Highly effective treatments are available, so familiarity with the diagnosis and management of this condition is essential for virtually all health care professionals. Acne vulgaris affects 40 million to 50 million individuals each year in the United …