Acidic Potassium Dichromate Solutions as Ultraviolet Absorbance Standards.

Abstract

The absorbances of five concentrations of potassium dichromate in 0.001 M perchloric acid have been determined at eight wavelengths in the ultraviolet on the National Bureau of Standards Institute for Materials Research high-accuracy spectrophotometer. Four of the wavelengths—235, 257, 313, and 350 nm—correspond to absorbance maxima or minima in the HCrO4– spectrum and are useful wavelengths for checking the accuracy of the absorbance scale of narrow bandpass spectrophotometers. Although partial dimerization of HCrO4– to Cr2O7= produces small positive deviations from Beer’s law at these wavelengths, the apparent absorptivities calculated for each concentration are reproducible to one part in a thousand. The estimated uncertainties in the absorptivity values are ± 0.7 percent at 0.1 absorbance (A) and ± 0.2 percent near A = 1. These uncertainties include all known sources of possible systematic error and the 95 percent confidence level for the mean. The remaining four wavelengths used for measurement are near two predicted isosbestic points in the HCr04–/Cr2O7= spectra. The absorptivities at 345 nm are sufficiently independent of concentration that this wavelength can be used for checking absorbance linearity to one part in a thousand over the range A = 0.2–1.