Abstract
A new monoraphid diatom species Achnanthidiumgladiussp. nov. is described from Indonesia. The description is based on molecular data (18SV4), morphological analysis and comparison with similar species. According to molecular data, Achnanthidiumgladius sp. nov. is closely related to Achnanthidiumminutissimum. Morphologically, the new species differs from similar species by the absence of a fascia on raphe valve, cell size, and striae density and pattern. The new species is only known from the type locality in Indonesia. Comparison with close related species is given.
Highlights
The genus Achnanthidium Kützing is one of the largest genera of monoraphid diatoms
The molecular analysis has established that the strain Achnanthidium gladius sp. nov. belongs to a group of close species that includes A. minutissimum and A. digitatum (ML 87/Bayesian interference (BI) 100)
The new species Achnanthidium gladius sp. nov. belongs to the genus Achnanthidium and possesses the characteristic features of the genus, including a linear-lanceolate valve shape, radiate uniseriate striae and straight external distal raphe ends
Summary
The genus Achnanthidium Kützing is one of the largest genera of monoraphid diatoms. It contains more than two hundred species which are widely distributed worldwide in various types of water bodies. Kützing (1844), who included in it all monoraphid species that do not form colonies. P.T. Cleve (1895) changed the status of this taxon and made it a subgenus of Achnanthes s.l. Most of monoraphid diatoms were included in Achnanthes s.l., and this system was used by many authors for a long time
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