Abstract
Abstract Human communities have always taken actions to create a healthier environment for living and working. Those efforts are best documented in the architectural structure everywhere, starting from ancient history to the present. It is assumed that the town of Ulcinj is one of the earliest cities on the Adriatic coast. The building morphology and urban structure of Ulcinj is 2,500 years old and is continued by multi-ethnical society. Hence, the urban structure of Ulcinj developed harmonically across the rock hills which encompass the city beach, forming the urban structure which is perceived as the unity of land and sea. The study investigates the Ulcinj urban structure, urban management, sustainable development, focusing on human comfort, and environmental actions with a view to accomplish better and more natural life. Bioclimatic passive design principles are associated with an environmental sustainable design, interrelated to the microclimate of the region, connected to the thermal, spatial, visual, acoustic, and air quality. The research method consists of empirical observation through the city and riviera. According to the conceptual findings of this paper, with a proper implementation of bioclimatic passive principles, the work seeks to indicate that it is possible to achieve a higher level than the current one. Hence, the huge number of tourists and overnight stays can make a difference in eco-tourism, and sustainable development if we can achieve energy efficiency, and preserve the natural resources in accordance with passive bioclimatic principles.
Highlights
It is assumed that the city of Ulcinj, in Montenegro, is one of the earliest cities on the Adriatic coast
The urban structure of Ulcinj developed harmonically across the rock hills which encompass the city beach, forming the urban structure which is perceived as the unity of land and sea
The study presented in this paper investigated the Ulcinj urban structure, urban management, and sustainable development in accordance with the principles of bioclimatic architecture
Summary
It is assumed that the city of Ulcinj, in Montenegro, is one of the earliest cities on the Adriatic coast. Buildings in the region of Ulcinj were constructed from rocks, especially the Illyrian great wall, which encompasses the fortress. This wall was discovered on the upper layer of land on the castle structure, cyclopean walls were built up from large stone solids. We are dealing with the same building technique, where structures are made from solids as local bioclimatic materials, a construction tradition used over the centuries in Santorini-Thira in Greece This construction technique is expressed along the coastline of the Adriatic Sea. Ulcinj is characterised by the Mediterranean climate and subtropical vegetation, the temperature in Ulcinj is suitable for human comfort, especially from May to October
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