Achieving Sustainable Urban Development with an Ageing Population: An “Age-Friendly City and Community” Approach

Jianbo Han,Queena Kun Qian,Esther Hiu Kwan Yung,Edwin Hon Wan Chan

doi:10.3390/su13158614

Abstract

The ageing population tends to be seen as a burden of cities’ future development. Thus, the public funds for older residents’ wellbeing are at risk of being cut back under the economic austerity due to the prevalent neoliberalism policy atmosphere. However, some cities set good examples to turn their older citizens into active contributors to sustainable urban development (SUD) by developing age-friendly cities and communities (AFCC). Taking Hong Kong as an example, this study aims to raise a strategy for policymakers, especially at the municipal level, to incorporate the concept of AFCC in SUD. Data were retrieved for our analysis from a published report of the Hong Kong Public Policy Research Fund project. A total of 15 AFCC and SUD policy factors were identified by using factor analysis. The correlations between these policy factors were evaluated and visualised in a synergetic effect network. According to the network, this study indicates that developing the silver hair market can be a suitable entry point to realise SUD by adopting an AFCC development. Isolation prevention, social sustainability and low-energy-consumption development are the supportive policy factors for the silver hair market. Specifically, respect, discrimination prevention, communication and information, age-friendly facilities, environmental safety and public transportation accessibility are five AFCC policy factors incorporated in the policy integration to enhance older residents’ wellbeing further. This study is an innovative attempt to develop a comprehensive model for the synergy between sustainable urban development and an age-friendly city and community using a correlation network. This study also provides a reference for other city governments to respond to population ageing positively.

Highlights

Population ageing is a global trend that will change the demographic structure dramatically, and Hong Kong, as a densely populated city, is no exception
Taking Hong Kong as an example of a densely populated city, this study aims to raise a strategy for policymakers, especially at the municipal level, to incorporate AFCC in sustainable urban development (SUD)
According to the literature review, this study developed three hypotheses, all of them were about the policy integration instead of the latent structure of the 66 AFCC and SUD criteria in this dataset

Summary

Introduction

Population ageing is a global trend that will change the demographic structure dramatically, and Hong Kong, as a densely populated city, is no exception. According to the latest projection by the Hong Kong Census and Statistics Department, Hong Kong citizens aged above 65 will account for 33.3% of the city’s whole population in 2039 [1] This demographic trend has caused many worries about the future development of cities as population ageing tends to be linked with the workforce shortage and burden of social security [2]. It is estimated that about one-fifth of recurrent government expenditure will be invested into social security, health care services and long-term care services for older people in the 2021–2022 financial year [4] This considerable investment can be challenging for Hong Kong and many other similar economies because of the funding austerity in the neoliberal policy atmosphere [5,6].

Objectives

Methods

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Discussion

Conclusion