Abstract
This study is to examine how a country with a significant amount of import food like Japan achieves food safety. Desktop analysis, correlation analysis and in depth-interview at field surveys were employed. It is found that food legislation and regulatory framework of Japanese import food monitoring system supported and guided the responsibilities of food authority, private inspection and testing agencies and importers. A strong negative correlation is found between consultation at quarantine stations and violations of import food with r value = -0.77.Even though the number of delegated laboratories in 62 foreign countries was 42 times higher than that of the domestic laboratories, they shared only 10% of total testing. Japanese Import food monitoring in export countries revealed less advantage in scope, if compared with the EU's system. Japan chooses not to rely on monitoring of export country solely rather than giving consultation to exporters and importers. The national standard formulation method is based on risk analysis in accordance with internationally accepted norms. It can conclude that Japan's import food monitoring system is streamlined in accordance with global trend. The food authority of Japan takes continuous restructuring with sound national quality infrastructure aimed at protection of consumers against adulterated import food.
Highlights
Ensuring safety of import food is as important as ensuring the safety of domestically produced food
This section comprises of three parts (1) regulatory framework and related organizations for monitoring of import foods (2) import food monitoring at quarantine stations and (3) national standards for technical reference
Regulatory Framework and Related Organizations for Import Food Monitoring In Japan, the first Food Sanitation Law was promulgated in 1947. It covers all aspects of safety of all types of foods, containers and packages and toys in consideration of human health [17]. It was amended in 2003 to give guidance to the Food Safety Basic Law that is the foundation of the responsibility of all three primary stakeholders: government, food business operators (FBO) and consumers
Summary
Ensuring safety of import food is as important as ensuring the safety of domestically produced food. For the prevention of dumping of lesser quality foods, World Trade organization (WTO) member countries are free to choose high Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) standard level. They can show the need of high level protection using risk assessment based on science and they have the right to take the SPS measures within their own sovereignty [19]. Kenney suggested that a strong import control system needs to be supported by import related data in preventing the dumping of lesser quality foods [8] so as to carry out necessary measures efficiently. The optimum type of the system for one country may not be appropriate for another [6]
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