Achieving Cochlear Therapeutic Hypothermia through Irrigation of the Mastoid and Tympanic Cavities

Abstract

Introduction: Mild therapeutic hypothermia (MTH) is an exciting nonpharmaceutical otoprotection strategy. In this study, we applied simple irrigation of the tympanic and mastoid cavities to understand the timing of both achieving MTH and recovery back to euthermic temperatures for application in the clinical setting. Methods: Three human temporal bones were used in this study in the temporal bone laboratory. A standard mastoidectomy was performed on each followed by the insertion of temperature probes into the basal turn of the cochlea via a middle cranial fossa approach. The temporal bones were warmed in heated bead baths to 37°C. The tympanic and mastoid cavities were then irrigated with room temperature water, and intracochlear temperature readings were recorded every minute. After 15 min, irrigation was stopped, and temperature readings were collected until temporal bones returned to euthermic levels. Results: Intracochlear MTH was achieved within the first minute of irrigating the tympanic and mastoid cavities. Intracochlear temperatures plateaued after 5 min around 30°C. Discontinuation of irrigation resulted in the temperature rising logarithmically above the MTH levels after 9–10 min. Conclusion: Intracochlear MTH can be achieved via irrigation of the tympanic and mastoid cavities with room temperature irrigation within 60 s. After irrigation for 5 min, hypothermic temperatures will remain therapeutic for 10 min following cessation of irrigation.