Achievement of asthma control in patients with excessive body weight or obesity in conditions of Asthma

Abstract

There are currently around 300 million people with asthma in the world, and in the vast majority of patients it is not controlled. Official statistics in Ukrainereflect approximately every 20th patient with bronchial asthma. One of the aggravating factors in patients with asthma is overweight or obesity. Forty-five patients who had a basic diagnosis of bronchial asthma of varying severity were examined, according to the study design, all patients had excessive body weight or obesity.The objective: was to improve asthma control in patients with asthma on the background of overweight or obesity in conditions of training at Asthma school.Materials and methods. 45 patients were examined, who were diagnosed with BA of varying severity. According to the design of the study, all patients had excess body weight or obesity. Patients of the main group in addition to basic therapy were trained in the conditions of the Asthma school, which included theoretical and practical exercises.Results. A reliable positive dynamics in the spirograms in all patients was revealed, but more clearly with the course of moderate weight before and after training in the conditions of the Asthma school and positive dynamics in the rates of forced expiration in patients with severe BA. Patients of the main group and comparison group in 58-61% of cases adhered to the prescribed therapy for 4-6 months, after which they independently canceled the prescribed treatment.Conclusion. At the moment, the primary care physician does not have enough time to contact the patient for the necessary educational activities. A correlation between severity and BMI (ρ= 1.00) was noted, that is, the heavier the course, the greater the BMI between the severity of the flow and the AST test score (ρ=1.00). After the training, there was a significant positive dynamics in the spirography and improvement of asthma control in the patients of the main group (p<0.05).