Abstract
It is a practically significant issue to overcome the Si poisoning for the grain refinement of commercial Al-Si casting alloys. By understanding the anti Si-poisoning mechanism of Nb, a solution to greatly reduce the grain size of α-Al from over 1000μm to <100μm is obtained. Specifically, the Si content for the fine-grained hypoeutectic Al-Si-Nb alloys should be made at ≤12wt% Si. During the melting step, sufficient stirring and/or short holding duration should be applied to prevent the inoculant NbAl3 substrates being neutralized by the in-situ formed NbSi2 shells.
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