Achievement and Shortfall in the Narcissistic Leader

Abstract

Conservative parties have dominated Australian federal politics since the Second World War. Coming to power in 1949 under Mr. (later Sir) Robert Menzies, the Liberal-Country party (L-CP) coalition held office continuously until 1972, when it was displaced by the reformist Australian Labor party (ALP) government of Mr. Gough Whitlam. Yet the Whitlam ALP government served for only three years before losing office in unusual and controversial circumstances in 1975, since which time the conservative coalition has again held sway. It is my purpose here to examine the leadership of Gough Whitlam and the effects he had upon the fortunes of the ALP government. But first, it is essential to sketch briefly the political history of the years before Whitlam came to power and the material conditions which the ALP administration encountered, for rarely can the success or failure of an administration be attributed solely to the qualities of an individual. In this case, the contingencies of situation and history were surely as relevant as the characteristics of leadership.