Abstract
The present study investigated the synthesis of mesoporous hollow carbon spheres (MHCS) and magnetic mesoporous hollow carbon spheres with core-shell structures (Fe3O4@MHCS). Two acetylcholinesterase sensors (acetylcholinesterase/mesoporous hollow carbon spheres/glassy carbon electrode (AChE/MHCS/GCE) and acetylcholinesterase/core-shell magnetic mesoporous hollow carbon spheres/glassy carbon electrode (AChE/Fe3O4@MHCS/GCE) based on mesoporous carbon materials were prepared. Under the optimum conditions, using Malathion as the model compound, the developed biosensors showed a wide detection range, low detection limit, good reproducibility, and high stability. The AChE/MHCS/GCE electrochemical sensor response exhibited two good linear ranges at the incubation time of 10 min at the Malathion concentration ranges of 0.01 to 100 ppb and 100 to 600 ppb, with a detection limit of 0.0148 ppb (S/N = 3). The AChE/Fe3O4@MHCS/GCE electrochemical sensor that was operated with an incubation time of 12 min at the malathion concentration ranges between 0.01–50 ppb and 50–600 ppb had a detection limit of 0.0182 ppb (S/N = 3). Moreover, the AChE/MHCS/GCE and AChE/Fe3O4@MHCS/GCE biosensors were effective for the detection of real samples, and were demonstrated to be suitable for the field-testing of organophosphorus pesticide (OP) residues.
Highlights
Organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) and their derivatives are widely used in agricultural applications because of their high efficiencies
These curves followed a similar trend as that observed the AChE/mesoporous hollow carbon spheres (MHCS)/glassy carbon electrode (GCE) sensors, thereby demonstrating that Fe3O4@MHCS can enhance the with the AChE/MHCS/GCE sensors, thereby demonstrating that Fe3 O4 @MHCS can enhance the transmission of electrons and increase the conductivity of the electrode
The properties of the two materials were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), N2 adsorption-desorption analyses, and magnetic hysteresis loop
Summary
Organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) and their derivatives are widely used in agricultural applications because of their high efficiencies. Sensors 2018, 18, 4429 been widely used for the detection of OP residues because of their ideal properties, such as high sensitivity, fast response, low cost, and applicability for field testing [9,10]. The Fe3 O4 nanoparticles were introduced into mesoporous hollow carbon spheres to construct an acetylcholinesterase sensor in order to achieve the rapid detection of organophosphorus pesticides and compare with the sensor based on hollow carbon sphere materials. This concept of sensors is summarized in Scheme 1. Mesoporous carbon core-shell structures (Fe3O4@MHCS)/GCE electrochemical carbon core-shell structures
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