Abstract
Improving the quality of perovskite poly‐crystalline film is essential for the performance of associated solar cells approaching their theoretical limit efficiency. Pinholes, unwanted defects, and nonperovskite phase can be easily generated during film formation, hampering device performance and stability. Here, a simple method is introduced to prepare perovskite film with excellent optoelectronic property by using acetic acid (Ac) as an antisolvent to control perovskite crystallization. Results from a variety of characterizations suggest that the small amount of Ac not only reduces the perovskite film roughness and residual PbI2 but also generates a passivation effect from the electron‐rich carbonyl group (C=O) in Ac. The best devices produce a PCE of 22.0% for Cs0.05FA0.80MA0.15Pb(I0.85Br0.15)3 and 23.0% for Cs0.05FA0.90MA0.05Pb(I0.95Br0.05)3 on 0.159 cm2 with negligible hysteresis. This further improves device stability producing a cell that maintained 96% of its initial efficiency after 2400 h storage in ambient environment (with controlled relative humidity (RH) <30%) without any encapsulation.
Highlights
Improving the quality of perovskite poly-crystalline film is essential for the state-of-the-art perovskite solar device has been certified to be 24.2%, higher than performance of associated solar cells approaching their theoretical limit those of CdTe, CIGS, organic solar cells efficiency
Bromide and iodine vacanto photovoltaics,[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8] and light-emitting diodes (LEDs),[9,10,11,12,13,14] cies have been reported to be the main defects in the perovskite transistor,[15,16,17] lasers,[18,19] and other optoelectronic applica- thin film[25,26,27] and excessive PbI2 at the surface or at the grain tions.[20,21]
The best (FAI)0.81(PbI2)0.85(MABr)0.15(PbBr2)0.15 perovskite device has an improved efficiency (20.8%) and stability
Summary
Improving the quality of perovskite poly-crystalline film is essential for the state-of-the-art perovskite solar device has been certified to be 24.2%, higher than performance of associated solar cells approaching their theoretical limit those of CdTe, CIGS, organic solar cells efficiency. Results from a variety of characterizations suggest obtain a high-quality perovskite microcrysthat the small amount of Ac reduces the perovskite film roughness talline film with fewer unwanted phases and residual PbI2 and generates a passivation effect from the electronrich carbonyl group (C O) in Ac. The best devices produce a PCE of 22.0% for Cs0.05FA0.80MA0.15Pb(I0.85Br0.15)3 and 23.0% for Cs0.05FA0.90MA0.05Pb(I0.95 Br0.05)3 on 0.159 cm2 with negligible hysteresis.
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