Acetate versus Hydrogen as Direct Electron Donors To Stimulate the Microbial Reductive Dechlorination Process at Chloroethene-Contaminated Sites

Abstract

Vorticity, which represents the rotation of a fluid element, is an important characteristic of turbulence. Various methods have been used to measure vorticity. A hot-wire/hot-film anemometer (HWA) was used here to measure the vorticity in turbulent flows. The velocity components and their partial derivatives were simultaneously measured with a new 6-sensor hot-wire (HW) probe assuming ideal yaw and pitch factors with Jorgensen's expression and Taylor's hypothesis to analyze the data. The accurate 6-sensor hot-wire probe results for the velocity field were used to determine the velocity gradients and, therefore, the vorticity vector field. The data was measured in an isothermal model of a tangentially fired furnace. The experimental results in the tangentially fired furnace agree with numerical results.