Abstract
Glycerol acetalization with citral was studied using a heteropolyacid (tungstophosphoric acid) supported on KIT-6, as a catalyst, at 100 °C. Different catalysts were synthesized. Catalysts were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), inductively coupled plasma (ICP), X-ray diffraction (XRD), attenuated total refletion-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), and potentiometric titrations. At a fixed time, the glycerol conversion increased with the H3PW12O40 (PW) on KIT-6. PW4-KIT-6 material had a higher conversion than other catalysts. The optimization of glycerol’s acetalization with citral was studied under the PW4-KIT-6 catalyst. After 5 h, it was found that, at T = 100 °C, with m = 0.3 g of solid, molar glycerol:citral = 1:2.25, the conversion of glycerol was 89%. Moreover, the PW4-KTI-6 catalyst showed good catalytic stability.
Highlights
Due to increased energy consumption and the importance of reducing greenhouse gases, biodiesel production has increased
Glycerol acetalization with aldehydes and ketones yield acetal compounds, which can be employed in different industries
Acetal compounds obtained from glycerol acetalization are useful fuel additives, fragrances, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals products [12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23]
Summary
Due to increased energy consumption and the importance of reducing greenhouse gases, biodiesel production has increased. Heteropolyacids (HPAs) are very strong acids and less corrosive than HCl or H2SO4 These materials have been used in different reactions as catalysts [31,32,33]. All materials with HPW immobilized on KIT-6 show a peak at the 2θ region This result may indicate that the mesoporous structure of KIT-6 is well maintained after the incorporation of HPW into silica. All materials with HPW immobilized on KIT-6 show a peak at tGhe 2θ region This result may inAdicate that the mesoporous structure of KIT-6 is well maintAained after the incorporation of BHPW into silica. EFiEgiuorfeP6Wex-KhIibTi-t6s mthaetesrcihaelsminecorfeagsleyscewroitlhatcheetaPliWzataimonouwnitthsucpitpraolr.teTdhe onprmodesuocsttsruacrteu(r2e-d(2s,i6l-idcaim(Teathbylel-11),5, -ahcecportedninygl)-t1o,3t-hdeiofoxlololawni-n4g-y: lE)mKITe-6th=a5n0olm(5VR
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
