Abstract
Acetaldehyde has been assessed as a Priority Substance under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act. Based on short-term and long-term inhalation studies conducted in experimental animals, the target tissue has consistently been the site of entry, with non-neoplastic and neoplastic effects occurring principally in the upper respiratory tract at lowest concentrations. It is likely that both the genotoxicity and irritancy of acetaldehyde play a role in its carcinogenicity. A tolerable concentration of 390 μg/m3 has been derived based upon the benchmark dose associated with a 5% adverse effect for non-neoplastic lesions in the nasal cavities of rats in a short-term inhalation assay. Also, a tumorigenic concentration of 28 mg/m3 has been derived, based on the concentration associated with a 5% increase in the incidence of nasal adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas (combined) in rats exposed by inhalation.
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