Acetabular Anatomy and Transacetabular Screw Fixation at the High Hip Center

Abstract

A quadrant system that defines the safe acetabular locations for screw placement exists for the anatomic hip center. We wanted to develop a similar system for the high hip center. The purposes of our study were to identify the anatomic structures at risk during placement of transacetabular screws in the high hip center, to identify maximum bone depth for screw purchase, and to determine if a high hip center quadrant system could be validated to guide placement of screws during acetabular arthroplasty. For this cadaver study of nine pelves, an acetabulum was reamed superiorly into the high hip center a distance equal to (1/2) of the native acetabular diameter. Screws exiting the acetabular bone by 15 mm were inserted before a computed tomography scan and a precise anatomic dissection were done. Structures at risk of penetration by screws include the external iliac vessels, the obturator nerve and vessels, the superior gluteal nerve and vessels, and the sciatic nerve. We found that a quadrant system at the high hip center can demarcate safe zones for screw placement. At the high hip center, only the peripheral (1/2) of the posterior quadrants are safe for screw placement.