Abstract
Resumo As vulnerabilidades intrínsecas à migração despertam o olhar bioético no que concerne às iniquidades em saúde, que muitas vezes comprometem o acesso a serviços sanitários. Com isso, esta pesquisa avalia o acesso à saúde de migrantes haitianos, buscando reconhecer situações que geram maior vulnerabilidade, com vistas ao aperfeiçoamento de políticas públicas. O estudo utilizou abordagem qualitativa, coletando dados por meio de grupo focal formado por haitianos de ambos os sexos. Conclui-se que é preciso sensibilizar profissionais de saúde em relação a diferenças culturais, combater a xenofobia e o racismo e conscientizar quanto à vulnerabilidade de migrantes e refugiados. A partir disso, será possível repensar políticas e ações em saúde de modo a alcançar a universalidade, a integralidade e a equidade fomentadas pelo Sistema Único de Saúde.
Highlights
The vulnerabilities of migrants arouse the bioethical view of health inequities that often affect the access to health
Immigrants and refugees are included in this assistance, supported by Article 5 of the Constitution, according to which all persons are equal before the law, without any distinction whatsoever, Brazilians and foreigners residing in the Country being ensured the inviolability of the right to life, to liberty, to equality, to security and to property 2
From the participants’ speeches, the researchers detected the main obstacles to access healthcare
Summary
We collected data from a focus group with 10 adult Haitians, of both sexes, living in the city of Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil. The researchers selected the participants in Portuguese classes at Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná and interviewed them in an appropriate environment at the institution. The interviews were conducted by two moderators trained in the health field, linked to graduate programs at Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná. Their role was to introduce the discussion and maintain it, emphasize that there were no right or wrong answers, observe the participants, encourage everyone to speak, identify opportunities in the speeches, build relationships with the informants to deepen comments considered individually relevant, and observe participants’ nonverbal communication and their own rhythm in the time set for debate 5. We used the content analysis based on Bardin 6 as a reference and analyzed the data with the Atlas.ti software
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