Abstract
Human vigilance is a cognitive function that requires sustained attention toward change in the environment. Human vigilance detection is a widely investigated topic which can be accomplished by various approaches. Most studies have focused on stationary vigilance detection due to the high effect of interference such as motion artifacts which are prominent in common movements such as walking. Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy is a preferred modality in vigilance detection due to the safe nature, the low cost and ease of implementation. fNIRS is not immune to motion artifact interference, and therefore human vigilance detection performance would be severely degraded when studied during locomotion. Properly treating and removing walking-induced motion artifacts from the contaminated signals is crucial to ensure accurate vigilance detection. This study compared the vigilance level detection during both stationary and walking states and confirmed that the performance of vigilance level detection during walking is significantly deteriorated (with a p<; 0.05). Further, this study explored motion artifact removal and applied machine learning methods. Results reveal the vigilance detection during walking has a comparable performance to the stationary state when the motion artifacts are estimated and removed.
Highlights
The human brain is a complicated and vital part of the human body
The motion artifacts were limiting the use of Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) modality in the detection of human vigilance only to the sedentary state
There are some attempts in taking fNIRS modality to detect human cognitive state during walking; the impact of motion artifacts on the fNIRS signal was not treated properly
Summary
The human brain is a complicated and vital part of the human body. It is involved in various crucial functions, such as interpreting the sensory feedback from stimuli, staying vigilant and so on. Vigilance is the ability to maintain sustained attentional [1] focus toward external events, perceivable by any sensory input such as visual or auditory, over a prolonged period. Sustained attention or vigilance is assumed to be easy to maintain a recent study by Warm et al proved it requires hard mental work [2]. Over 70 Canadian soldiers have lost their lives due to Improvised Explosive Devices (IED) in convoy operation, and soldier vigilance was accounted as a key param-
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