Abstract
Under increasingly low urban land resources, carrying out roof greening to exploit new green space is a good strategy for sustainable development. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the suitability of roof greening for buildings in cities. However, most current evaluation methods are based on qualitative and conceptual research. In this paper, a methodological framework for roof greening suitability evaluation is proposed based on the basic units of building roofs extracted via deep learning technologies. The building, environmental and social criteria related to roof greening are extracted using technologies such as deep learning, machine learning, remote sensing (RS) methods and geographic information system (GIS) methods. The technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS) method is applied to quantify the suitability of each roof, and Sobol sensitivity analysis of the score results is conducted. The experiment on Xiamen Island shows that the final evaluation results are highly sensitive to the changes in weight of the green space distance, population density and the air pollution level. This framework is helpful for the quantitative and objective development of roof greening suitability evaluation.
Highlights
In many large cities, due to rapid economic growth and the accelerating urbanization process, the imbalance between the supply and demand of urban land has become increasingly prominent
To quantitatively reflect the effect of roof extraction, this paper used the intersection over union (IOU) and pixel accuracy (PA) based on a confusion matrix, which are commonly used indicators in computer vision tasks, to evaluate the accuracy of the roof extraction results based on deep learning
This paper presented a quantitative and reusable evaluation framework for roof greening suitability evaluation
Summary
Due to rapid economic growth and the accelerating urbanization process, the imbalance between the supply and demand of urban land has become increasingly prominent. Roof greening has emerged to further improve the livable ecological environment and to increase the urban green area. In terms of the environment, roof greening can effectively reduce surface runoff during rainstorms and reduce urban waterlogging because the vegetation and substrate layer can store water, serving as an increasingly important part of water-sensitive cities [1]. During the air-conditioning season, the thermal benefits of roof greening mentioned above cause the cooling of buildings, which reduces the energy costs and saves the money for cooling [15,16,17,18]. The study in [20] shows that green roofs can effectively reduce the loss of habitat in urban areas. The above studies verify many different benefits of roof greening
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