Accurate phase to phase fault resistance calculation using two terminal data

Abstract

Faults can occurred at the transmission line due to lightning strike, broken conductor, cross arm or tower falls, danger tree, crane or animal encroachment, polluted insulator etc. Each type of fault will represents a fault resistance value. Fault resistance will affects the accuracy of protection relays in fault location and fault zone detection. Phase to phase fault is one type of unsymmetrical fault at the transmission line. This paper represents the accurate way to calculate the actual phase to phase fault resistance value by using data from both local and remote substations. From the finding, the actual fault resistance can be represented by fault resistance as seen from local substation in parallel with the fault resistance as seen from remote substation. To prove the finding, simulation has been carried out and the results show the validity of the proposed theory.