Abstract
Indoor localization with high accuracy plays a key role in the field of Internet of Things in 5th-Generation (5G) era. With the introduction of Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology in 5G, the direction-of-arrival (DOA) method is highly feasible in indoor localization. However, the direction of arrival is susceptible to complex indoor environment. To improve the accuracy and stability of DOA estimation, an adjacent angle power difference (AAPD) method is proposed based on Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (OMP). This method uses OMP to obtain an initial estimate of the direction, and then, adjusts the estimation by calculating the difference power of adjacent points at initial value point to get the fractional DOA. In the scenario of continuous movement, beamforming is further applied, which reduces the amount of calculation. Both simulation and experimental results show that the proposed method can achieve high accuracy and eliminate the error jitter. Compared with the classical Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC) method for DOA estimation, the proposed method can increase accuracy by 46% under the condition of low SNR (Signal-to-Noise Ratio). The probability that the measurement error does not exceed 5° in the actual movement tests is 97.5%.
Highlights
Information of location is becoming increasingly important in our daily life [1], and the location-based services (LBS) have been indispensable in medical, military, traffic, and so on [2]
In this paper, a high precision DOA estimation method based on smart antennas was presented
Theoretical analysis shown that compared with Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (OMP) and Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC), this method can effectively reduce the computational complexity
Summary
Information of location is becoming increasingly important in our daily life [1], and the location-based services (LBS) have been indispensable in medical, military, traffic, and so on [2]. The performance goals of 5G are to meet low latency, high transmission rates, and increase system capacity [13] To achieve these goals, 5G systems introduce some innovative technologies, including Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) technology and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology. By using multiple antennas on the transmitter and receiver, MIMO technology can effectively utilize spatial multiplexing techniques to improve communication quality and increase system transmission capacity. With the introduction of MIMO technology in 5G systems, antenna arrays-based direction-of-arrival (DOA) [16] method has more advantages and becomes increasingly important in the field of indoor localization. Wireless signal-based Indoor localization methods mainly include fingerprint [17], DOA, time-of-arrival (TOA) [18], [19], and time-difference-of-arrival (TDOA) [20].
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