Abstract
A theory of the methods of uranium determination in environmental samples based on the measurement of alpha activity of radon and its daughters and on the total alpha activity of all the members of the uranium decay chain using the track-etch technique is given in this paper. It is shown that for samples in which there is radioactive disequilibrium, these methods cannot be used to obtain meaningful and accurate results. It also follows from the theory that an accurate estimate of uranium and thorium-232 in environmental samples, such as soils, foodstuffs, flora and fauna, cannot be obtained from the measurement of the radioactivity of radon daughter nuclides in view of the radioactive disequilibrium in these open systems.
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