Abstract
We aim to realize novel services for live broadcasts, including visualizing the 3D position of a subject, using multiple pan-tilt-zoom (PTZ) cameras. For this purpose, a camera calibration technique with high accuracy over a wide pan-tilt-zoom range and high operability is required. Herein, we propose an accurate and practical method to calibrate multiple PTZ cameras for live broadcasts. This method models the PTZ camera system and accurately pre-estimates unknown parameters in the model. After the pre-estimation, accurate camera parameters can be calculated in real time using the pan-tilt angles and zoom values acquired from the sensors in the camera system. The proposed method accurately estimates the unknown parameters for a high-magnification zoom lens by making repeated initial guesses and nonlinear optimizations for high accuracy, and consists of a two-stage camera calibration for operability. We demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed method by conducting experiments on computer graphics data and real data. We also applied it to a live sports graphics system.
Highlights
We aim to realize novel services for live broadcasts by using computer graphics (CG) and computer vision (CV) technologies
Because on-location camera calibration (OCC) is similar to initial camera calibration (ICC), we only describe the different points
We investigated the case of performing ICC using the calibration data for OCC
Summary
We aim to realize novel services for live broadcasts by using computer graphics (CG) and computer vision (CV) technologies. We can capture a subject using multiple cameras, analyze its 3D position, and synthesize CG in the images of live broadcasts, such as those of sports events. Such effects will make live TV programs easier to follow. One way is to use many fixed cameras, each of which captures the subject with a static angle of view and covers part of the space. If the number of cameras is reduced and the subject is captured with a wider angle of view, the resolution of the image is significantly lowered. A small number of PTZ cameras can efficiently capture a wide space at
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