Accuracy of single phase contrast enhanced multidetector CT colonography in the preoperative staging of colo-rectal cancer

Abstract

Aim The optimal acquisition time for staging colo-rectal carcinoma with a contrast enhanced multidetector CT colonography (CE CTC) has not yet been established. A dual phase with both arterial and portal venous acquisition has been proposed. The purpose of our study is to assess the value of single portal venous phase CE CTC in the preoperative staging of colo-rectal carcinoma. Materials and methods Fifty two (30 M, 22 F; aged 35–82 years) consecutive patients with a histologically proven diagnosis of colo-rectal adenocarcinoma or a highly suspected colo-rectal cancer on conventional colonoscopy underwent a four-slice CE CTC. The procedure was performed 70 s (portal phase) after the intravenous bolus (3 ml/s) administration of 120 ml iodinated non-ionic contrast agent (370 mg iodine/ml). Scans were performed using the following parameters: 2.5 mm beam collimation, pitch 1.25, 120 kV, 200 mAs, rotation time 0.75 s. Images were reconstructed with an effective thickness of 3.2 mm at intervals of 1.6 mm. Two radiologists independently evaluated the depth of tumour invasion into the colo-rectal wall (T), regional lymph node involvement (N), and extracolonic metastases (M). Disagreement was resolved by means of a consensus decision. The pathological results served as the standard of reference. Assessment was made of sensitivity, specificity and accuracy, as well as positive and negative predictive values were assessed. Results CE CTC correctly staged the pT of 52/56 (93%) and the N of 40/56 (71%) lesions, as well as properly identifying 13/14 (93%) extracolonic findings. Conclusion The single portal venous phase CE CTC scanning protocol enables satisfactory preoperative assessment of T, N and M staging in patients with colo-rectal cancer.