Abstract
The technique of covariance analysis has been frequently used to determine the effect of systematic errors on GPS derived coordinates. In this paper, covariance analysis is applied to GPS crustal deformation surveys. The GPS systematic errors are propagated through to the parameters of a subsequent deformation adjustment. Three GPS observation and adjustment schemes with varying accuracy are considered. Deformation adjustments are simulated using terrestrial data in one epoch and GPS data in another epoch. It is demonstrated that the GPS systematic errors in these examples are less important than the terrestrial errors. Deformation adjustments using GPS data in both epochs are also studied. In these cases, systematic errors exceed the formal errors derived from the adjustment. The value of covariance analysis for improved statistical testing of the significance of deformation is demonstrated.
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