Abstract
Accurate laser scanning of plaster casts using validated, low-cost hardware represents a key issue in 3D orthodontics. The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of measurements taken from plaster casts (gold standard) with digital models of those casts created with a low-cost structural light DAVID laser scanner. Five different measurements were taken on each of 14 plaster casts by 2 independent observers with an electronic caliper. The measurements were repeated 10 times on all 14 plaster casts by each observer, with a 1-week interval between each set of measurements. All 14 plaster casts were digitized using a low-cost DAVID SLS 3 laser scanner. The same 5 measurements were performed on each of the 3D virtual surface models of the 14 plaster casts by 2 independent observers using Meshlab software in a manner similar to that used with the digital caliper. The measurements were repeated 10 times by the 2 observers with 1 week between each set of measurements. The laser-scanned models were more accurate than the plaster cast models in defining measurements based on simple tooth fissures. The accuracy of measurements based on complex tooth fissures were equivalent for the 2 types of model. For measurements based on interproximal dental contacts, the 2 methods of measurement were similar and both were notably poor in terms of accuracy. Three-dimensional virtual models obtained from the low-cost DAVID laser scanner can be used clinically, but only for certain types of measurements and indications.
Highlights
Digital dental models are used in orthodontics because they are easy to store, save time and space and facilitate the sharing of information with colleagues over the internet.[1]
The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of measurements taken from plaster casts with digital models of those casts created with a low-cost structural light DAVID laser scanner
For measurements based on interproximal dental contacts, the 2 methods of measurement were similar and both were notably poor in terms of accuracy
Summary
Digital dental models are used in orthodontics because they are easy to store, save time and space and facilitate the sharing of information with colleagues over the internet.[1] Digital models do not deteriorate over time.[1] Laser scanners are accessible to clinicians through a digitization service, such as OrtoCad (Align Technology Inc., San Jose, USA)[2,3] or “emodels” (GeoDigm Corp., Falcon Heights, USA),[2,3] through desktop laser scanners (i.e., 3Shape R500, 3Shape R700, 3Shape R1000, 3Shape R2000, Medianetx grande, Medianetx colori, DentaCore CS ULTRA, Dentaurum OrthoX, Maestro 3D, Imetric IScan D104i and GC Aadva Lab Scan4), through cone-beam computed tomography (CT)[5] and, recently, through intraoral laser scanners.[6] All of these technologies are still very expensive and limit the spread of digital orthodontics to the wealthiest clinical practices and private hospitals. Desktop laser scanners present sufficient accuracy, so further improvement would not provide additional benefit for use in orthodontics.[4] Nowak et al.[4] concluded that research on laser scanners in orthodontics and orthognathic surgery should focus primarily on reducing time and cost.[4]. Accurate laser scanning of plaster casts using validated, low-cost hardware represents a key issue in 3D orthodontics
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