Abstract
BackgroundA new simple technique based on iontophoresis technology (EZSCAN, Impeto Medical, Paris, France) has recently been developed for the screening of diabetes. In the present study, we investigated the accuracy of this system for the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus in Chinese.MethodsWe performed the EZSCAN test in diabetic and non-diabetic subjects. EZSCAN measures electrochemical conductance (EC) at forehead, hands and feet, and derives a diabetes index with a value ranging from 0 to 100. Diabetes mellitus was defined as a plasma glucose concentration of at least 7 mmol/l at fasting or 11.1 mmol/l at 2 hours after glucose load, or as the use of antidiabetic drugs.ResultsThe 195 study participants (51% men, mean age 52 years) included 75 diabetic patients (use of antidiabetic drugs 81%) and 120 non-diabetic subjects. EC (micro Siemens, μSi) was significantly (P < 0.001) lower in diabetic patients at the hands (44 vs. 61) and feet (51 vs. 69) locations, but not at the forehead (15 vs. 17, P = 0.39). When a diabetes index of 40 (suggested by the manufacturer) was used as the threshold, the sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus was 85% and 64%, respectively. In 80 patients who underwent an oral glucose tolerance test, EC at hands and feet and the diabetes index were significantly (P < 0.001) associated with both 2-hour post-load plasma glucose and serum glycosylated haemoglobin.ConclusionsEZSCAN might be useful in screening diabetes mellitus with reasonable sensitivity and specificity.
Highlights
A new simple technique based on iontophoresis technology (EZSCAN, Impeto Medical, Paris, France) has recently been developed for the screening of diabetes
A diabetes index is derived from these electrochemical conductance measurements with an algorithm accounting for sex, age, body mass index, and systolic blood pressure, for the classification of glucose metabolism as the presence or absence of diabetes mellitus
We calculated Pearson correlation coefficients to test the correlations of the original electrochemical conductance measurements and the derived diabetes index with concentrations of 2-hour post-load plasma glucose and serum HbA1c
Summary
A new simple technique based on iontophoresis technology (EZSCAN, Impeto Medical, Paris, France) has recently been developed for the screening of diabetes. We investigated the accuracy of this system for the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus in Chinese. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus is high in most countries. According to the most recent nationwide survey in China, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose metabolism was 9.7% and 15.5%, respectively [1]. While diabetes mellitus is becoming a major public health problem, the identification of this disease is still difficult [2]. The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) is complicated. The measurement of glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) requires high cost, and has low sensitivity, and no fully standardized analytical method.
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