Accuracy and efficient solution of helical coiled once-through steam generator model using JFNK method

Abstract

The Helical coiled tube Once-Through Steam Generator (H-OTSG) is key equipment in the High-Temperature Gas-cooled Reactor (HTGR) system, where the fission energy is transferred from the helium side to the water side, together with the complicated heat transfer and phase change phenomenon. In detail, the water is heated to the water-steam two-phase flow by the hot helium and further to the superheated steam. As a result, the H-OTSG is a multi-phases, multi-physics, and multi-domain highly nonlinear system due to the complex constitutive equations in the two-phase flow model. The accuracy and efficient solution of this highly nonlinear system is a key point for the successful simulation of the H-OTSG. In this work, the advanced Jacobian-Free Newton Krylov (JFNK) method is used instead of the traditional semi-implicit iteration method to pursue high computational performance. An efficient physical-based preconditioner is proposed, which is derived from the original semi-implicit based method. Moreover, the numerical technologies of the phase generation/disappearance and the global convergence algorithms of JFNK method are implemented and discussed. The two-phase drift-flux model is used to describe the two-phase flow in the waterside and the second-order accuracy temporal and spatial numerical scheme is employed to discrete the conservation equations. A new H-OTSG simulation code based on JFNK method is developed in this work and applied to analyze the steady and transient state behavior of the H-OTSG in the 10 MW high-temperature gas-cooled reactor (HTR-10). The simulation results show that the accuracy of the newly developed H-OTSG simulation code agrees well with the design data under different operating conditions. Furthermore, the computational performance of the JFNK method with the physical-based preconditioner is the best compared with the traditional Picard iteration method, Newton–Krylov method and JFNK method without preconditioner.