Accumulation Pattern of Flavonoids during Fruit Development of Lonicera maackii Determined by Metabolomics.

Zengxing Qi,Ran Zhao,Ruili Li,Ruofan Li,Jing Xu,Yanrui Ge

doi:10.3390/molecules26226913

Abstract

Lonicera maackii (Caprifoliaceae) is a large, upright shrub with fruits that contain many bioactive compounds. Flavonoids are common active substances in L. maackii. However, there is a dearth of information about the accumulation of these flavonoids and their possible medicinal value. We used targeted metabolomics analysis based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) to analyze five developmental stages of L. maackii fruit. A total of 438 metabolites were identified in the five developmental stages, including 81 flavonoids and derivatives. The 81 flavonoids included 25 flavones and derivatives, 35 flavonols and derivatives, two isoflavones, three cyanidins and derivatives, eight procyanidins, and eight flavanones. In addition, we outlined the putative flavonoid biosynthesis pathway and screened their upstream metabolites. More importantly, we analyzed the accumulation patterns of several typical flavones and flavonols. The results reported here improved our understanding of the dynamic changes in flavonoids during fruit development and contributed to making full use of the medicinal value of L. maackii fruit.

Highlights

Introduction(Caprifoliaceae) (common name = Amur honeysuckle) contains many bioactive compounds with potential health-related properties
Lonicera maackii (Rupr.) Maxim. (Caprifoliaceae) contains many bioactive compounds with potential health-related properties
The total ions current (TIC) diagram represents a continuous graph obtained by adding the intensity of all ions in the mass spectrum at each time point

Summary

Introduction

(Caprifoliaceae) (common name = Amur honeysuckle) contains many bioactive compounds with potential health-related properties. These include phenolics (flavonoids), chlorogenic acids and derivatives [1,2,3]. Lonicera maackii is a large upright shrub cultivated in many northeast Asian countries. It has invaded and become established in the central and northeastern USA [4,5]. Many studies have reported the ornamental value of L. maackii [6,7]. Its medical potential may be associated with the high levels of rutinoside, luteolin, chlorogenic acid and iridoids [2,3]

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Conclusion