Abstract
Species of Tagetes, which belong to the family Asteraceae show different characteristics including, bloom size, shape, and color; plant size; and leaf shape. In this study, we determined the differences in primary metabolites and carotenoid yields among six cultivars from two Tagetes species, T. erecta and T. patula. In total, we detected seven carotenoids in the examined cultivars: violaxanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin, α-carotene, β-carotene, 9-cis-β-carotene, and 13-cis-β-carotene. In all the cultivars, lutein was the most abundant carotenoid. Furthermore, the contents of each carotenoid in flowers varied depending on the cultivar. Principal component analysis (PCA) facilitated metabolic discrimination between Tagetes cultivars, with the exception of Inca Yellow and Discovery Orange. Moreover, PCA and orthogonal projection to latent structure-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) results provided a clear discrimination between T. erecta and T. patula. Primary metabolites, including xylose, citric acid, valine, glycine, and galactose were the main components facilitating separation of the species. Positive relationships were apparent between carbon-rich metabolites, including those of the TCA cycle and sugar metabolism, and carotenoids.
Highlights
Carotenoids are natural pigments that contribute to the characteristic yellow, orange, and reddish colors of plant tissues including leaves, fruits, vegetables, and flowers [1]
Content color of plants tissues can vary from yellow to red to orange, depending on the number of conjugated double bonds and the diverse functional groups in carotenoid molecules [27,28,29]
Quantification data of the 42 identified metabolites, which were normalized based on internal standard (IS) signal intensity, and seven carotenoids were subjected to Principal component analysis (PCA) to identify differences in metabolite profiles among the examined cultivars (Figure 5)
Summary
Carotenoids are natural pigments that contribute to the characteristic yellow, orange, and reddish colors of plant tissues including leaves, fruits, vegetables, and flowers [1] They play crucial roles in photosynthesis, photoprotection, development, as stress hormones, and signaling molecules in plants [2]. Of changes in metabolites in in response areas of plant research including plant‐derived food analysis [13], crop metabolite profiling [14], plant treatmentsmetabolite or states analysis in biological systems [11,12] It has been widely utilized in numerous areas of plant [15,16], and the development of plant‐derived medicines [17]. Different tissues of these species have been used in folk medicine for various diseases, and flavonoids which are components of Tagetes pigments, are the major bioactive constituents of including colic[21].
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
