Abstract
In this chapter a review of the current financial accounting situation in Peru is reviewed. Accounting or any type of accountability system has been around in Peru for several centuries and a number of factors (cultural, legal, economic and financial, historical and political) have played an important role in its evolution. This chapter aims at analyzing the Peruvian accounting system with special emphasis on IFRS for SMEs. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of available data were applied for this research as well as surveys and interviews to relevant players in the Peruvian accounting system. The most important conclusions are: 1) A number of different accounting standards –not only full IFRS or IFRS for SMEs- are applied in Peru; 2) The claim that IFRS for SMEs are widely applied by Peruvian companies should be rejected and 3) It should be recognized that most of the SMEs in Peru use accounting for tax purposes only, and disregard the use accounting for decision making.
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