ACCOUNTING FOR THE HARMFUL EFFECT OF CARBON DIOXIDE IN COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT OF FUEL CONSUMPTION AND EXHAUST GASES TOXICITY DIESEL ENGINES

Abstract

Over the past decades, research into combustion processes in internal combustion engines, additional processing of exhaust gases has led to a reduction in harmful emissions (nitrogen oxide NOx, unburned hydrocarbons СnНm, carbon monoxide CO and particulate matter). However, personal concern among scientists and the international community is caused by the increase in CO2 carbon dioxide emissions into the environment during the operation of power plants, which contributes to the increase of the "greenhouse effect". In order to determine effective technical solutions for improving diesel engines with the aim of reducing fuel consumption and emissions of harmful substances with exhaust gases, the Department of Internal Combustion Engines of the National Technical University "Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute" proposed a dimensionless complex criterion of fuel economy and exhaust gas toxicity, which provides information on the economic and environmental perfection of diesel engines. However, this criterion does not take into account the environmental impact of CO2 emissions. The work considers the conditions for taking into account the harmful effects of CO2 using the method of comprehensive assessment of fuel consumption and exhaust gas toxicity. The mass emission of CO2 for each mode of diesel operation is determined if the elemental composition of the fuel, its molecular weight, heat of combustion and consumption, composition and consumption of air, as well as environmental parameters are known. In order to provide an objective assessment of the effect of CO2 emitted from HG diesels on humans and the environment, it is necessary to introduce appropriate corrections that characterize its relative aggressiveness indicator. First of all, this is a correction that takes into account the effect of CO2 on various recipients, in addition to humans, and a correction that takes into account the possibility of accumulation of the substance in the components of the environment and in food chains, as well as its entry into the human body by non-inhalation. An objective scientific approach is necessary for the justification and implementation of the introduction of such amendments, which takes into account all the components of determining the negative impact of CO2 on humans and the environment: the greenhouse effect, climate change both in terms of direct impact and in the long-term perspective.