Abstract
Associative learning has provided fundamental insights to understanding psychopathology. However, psychopathology occurs along a continuum and as such, identification of disruptions in processes of associative learning associated with aspects of psychopathology illustrates a general flexibility in human associative learning. A handful of studies have looked specifically at individual differences in human associative learning, but while much work has concentrated on accounting for flexibility in learning caused by external factors, there has been limited work considering how to model the influence of dispositional factors. This review looks at the range of individual differences in human associative learning that have been explored and the attempts to account for, and model, this flexibility. To fully understand human associative learning, further research needs to attend to the causes of variation in human learning.
Highlights
Associative learning has provided fundamental insights to understanding psychopathology
Studying individual difference in human learning has contributed to our understanding of the mechanisms underlying psychopathology, because learning identifies a process and a mechanism by which individuals might differ
As traits of psychopathology vary across the population, our understanding of the association between psychopathology and disruptions in processes of association learning, may tell us a considerable amount about the nature and extent of variation in human associative learning
Summary
Associative learning has provided fundamental insights to understanding psychopathology. STIMULUS SALIENCE AND SELECTIVE PREDICTION ERROR Individual difference in terms of what is perceived to be salient may influence the acquisition of associations.
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