Accidental Exposures to Biological Products – A Risk for Medical Staff and Patients

Abstract

"Hypothesis: While performing professional activities, the healthcare workers (HCW) can be exposed to blood and other potentially infectious materials from the patients they are taking care of. In order to minimize the risk of Hepatitis B virus (HBV), Hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission, these accidental exposures should be reported and followed by post-exposure prophylaxis. If seroconversion of the injured person occurs, the healthcare unit intervenes by various methods to ensure that the infected HCW does not represent a source of infection for other patients [1]. Objective: Through this study we aimed to assess the perception of different categories of healthcare personnel about their testing for their carrying of HBV, HCV and HIV at the time of employment in a healthcare facility and their right to confidentiality regarding their health status. We also wanted to evaluate the opinion of the medical staff about the patient’s right to be informed about the risk of HBV, HCV and HIV transmission, if there is an infected person in the medical team. Method: A multicentric cross-sectional study was performed, by applying an original pre-tested questionnaire to different professional categories of medical staff from different categories of healthcare facilities. Results: Over 20% of respondents declared they were not tested at the time of employment, but almost 40% claimed that they were tested every year since employment. Only 20% of the participants considered they have the right to confidentiality regarding the state of viral carrying, but ⅓ consider that there is no discrimination if a healthcare facility refuses to hire a HBV, HCV, HIV carrier. Out of all participants questioned, ½ of the respondents agree that the medical staffs who are a carrier for a transmissible virus can be detached in a less dangerous healthcare department in order to avoid the transmission of the virus to patients. Almost equally, there were participants who believed that they could not be compelled to reveal their carrier status to the patient, and those who would have no hesitation in informing their patient about their status Keywords: Blood and other potentially infectious materials, exposure, healthcare workers, patient, confidentiality. "