Abstract
The aim of this article is to present an approach enabling to define the flame spread velocity at spill fire on the river, taking into account the wind speed. Due to constant oil supply from the pipeline during the leakage, an oil slick will increase until its borders reach river banks. Formulas for determining the main parameters of oil spill on the river in case of an accident at underwater oil pipeline were suggested. The formulas include the initial data determined in the field, for instance, flow and wind speed, as well as water temperature. An example of the change of oil slick parameters on the river was demonstrated. The spread rate of spilled oil and the flame spread speed were calculated. It was shown that on narrow rivers, an oil slick takes the form of a river bed within a few minutes and moves in the direction of the flow. Determination of oil spill parameters given in the study is sufficient for accident response implementation: - spread rate of spilled oil allows for distance calculation in order to install oil booms; - flame spread speed in conjunction with the oil slick size will make it possible to calculate the fire extinguishing means. The obtained results, undoubtedly, require testing in experimental conditions, which is the purpose of further research.
Highlights
Oil pipes are widely used all over the world for petroleum pumping
The results show that if there is no ignition, the spread rate is approximately linear to the discharge rate and the burning rate of spill fires on water surface is approximately 0.57 times smaller than that of pool fires for large-scale burning
- the uniform oil is spread over water surface; - oil is burning constantly, layer-by-layer, during spill fire
Summary
Oil pipes are widely used all over the world for petroleum pumping. Sometimes different barriers arise during the construction of oil pipelines, such as roads, railway crossings and water objects. Crossing of rivers by oil pipelines is solved by means of underwater pipes construction. In the process of oil pipelines operation under the influence of various factors, accidents occur annually, accompanied by uncontrolled oil leakage [1, 2]. The reasons of leakage described by Zhang et al [3] and Mohamed et al [4]: mechanical damage of oil pipelines, corrosion (external and internal), pipe defect, welding defects, human mistakes in the pipeline operation or maintenance. Ilman and Kusmono [5] assumed that oil leakages of corroded underwater pipeline occur after 27 years in service. Some authors identify https://doi.org/10.10 51/matecconf /201823906003 natural causes of underwater oil pipelines destruction, for example, riverbed deformation or natural disasters, such as earthquakes [4] and floods [6]
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